Writing Off Vehicles as Tax Deductions

You've heard it a hundred times: That shiny new carall the costs of owning and running vehicle-only the
your buddy just bought? It doesn't really cost himbusiness use of a vehicle.
anything. He writes off the car as a tax deduction.If you don't have exact records about your business
Your first thought is usually, "That can't be right."use, you can sometimes use good sampling. For
Your second thought is, 'I got to figure out how toexample, if you keep a good appointment calendar of
enjoy that loophole."your business activities, one popular tax reference
But what does the law say? And what are the rulessuggests that you can look at the total business,
for writing off vehicles? It turns out that you canpersonal and commuting miles driven during one week
write off the cost of buying and using a car if you'reeach month. Then, you can average this data to get
self-employed and use your vehicle in your business.good weekly estimates of your business, personal,
Specifically, you can probably deduct the businessand commuting miles. Finally, you can multiple these
portion of your vehicle expenses on your businessweekly estimates by 52 (the number of weeks in a
tax return.year) to get reasonable estimates of your business,
But this deduction is trickier than most people realize.personal and commuting miles.
Here's the first big thing that goofs many people up.But before you go out and buy a new luxury auto,
You need substantiation to prove your business use.you need to know there's another complication.
Ideally, in fact, the Internal Revenue Service wantsCongress limits in most cases the amount of
you to keep a log of your business miles, yourdepreciation or lease rental that you can include in
commuting miles, and your personal miles.your vehicle expense calculations. The rules are a bit
With this information, you can then either deduct antricky, but essentially, for purposes of vehicle
amount equal to the business miles times a standarddepreciation and lease payments, you only get to
per-mile rate of roughly $.35 or $.40 a mile (dependinglook at the first $17,000 (roughly) of vehicle cost. In
on the year)... or you can deduct the percentage ofother words, if you buy a $60,000 vehicle and your
your vehicle expenses equal to the percentage thatfriend buys a $15,000 vehicle, you may both have
your business miles represent.the same business depreciation expense-even though
Note that only your business miles-and not youryour vehicle costs four times what your friend's
commuting miles or personal miles are deductible.does.
For example, if your business use equals 5,000 miles,One other related point: You may have heard about
personal use equals 3000, and commuting equalsthe sport utility vehicle loophole. This SUV loophole
2000 miles, your total miles for the year equal 10,000.really does exist. Specially, the luxury auto limits
Business miles as a percentage of total miles equalmentioned above don't apply to sport utility vehicles
50% because 5,000 divided by 10,000 equals .5 orthat weigh more than 6,000 lbs. Note that Congress
50%.partially closed that loophole in 2004, however, by
In this example, you could therefore deduct 50% ofsaying that a special, super-accelerated form of
your fuel, 50% of your insurance, 50% of yourdepreciation called Sec. 179 depreciation couldn't be
maintenance and repairs, 50% of the car loanused to write off all of the cost of an expensive
interest, 50% of the depreciation, and so on, as aSUV in the year the vehicle is purchased.
business deduction. This means you can't ever deduct