How Trailer Hitches Work

Whether you have a compact car or liftedtrailer hitch, also known as a trailer hitch receiver, a
diesel-powered 4X4, a trailer hitch is a vital part fortrailer ball mount, and a trailer hitch ball. Hitch balls
towing any load. It is crucial to have the rightcome in three sizes: 1-7/8”, 2”, and 2-5
tow-setup for your vehicle, so today I’m going16”. A 2” ball with a 1” diameter shank is
to cover the basics of towing and the differentthe most common size used for towing small and
types of trailer hitch setups to simplify your searchmedium sized trailers. However, double check the size
for the perfect hitch.of the ball you need for towing and make sure the
If you own a car, your towing capacity will obviouslyballs shank fits snuggly in the ball mount you are
be lower than if you owned a truck. The first thingusing. You will also want the trailer-hitch connection to
you need to know is the towing capacity of yourbe near level, but with a slight downward angle
vehicle. This information can be found in thetoward the car. This will help evenly distribute the
owner’s manual. Most cars can tow around 3,000weight and reduce trailer sway. Trailer ball mounts
pounds safely, while some trucks are built to towcome in different sizes, make sure to choose one
loads of up to 30,000 pounds! The second thing youthat will work well for your situation.
need to know is how much weight you need to tow.For trucks, there are far more towing accessories to
If you don’t know the exact weight, you canchoose from. In this article, I will only be covering the
try to estimate it to see if the total weight you’llmost common types used today. Some trucks have
be towing is within the specifications set forth bytrailer hitches built into their rear bumper, others have
your vehicles manufacturer. If you can’ta normal trailer hitch installed on them from the
reasonably estimate it, get some help and have thefactory, and others will lack a trailer hitch all together.
load towed to a scale so you can get the exactYou’ll need to evaluate what your truck has and
weight.go from there. Hitch ball sizes are the same: another
It is important to remember that safe towingtow option usually found on trailers which are
involves a number of different elements: not onlyintended for heavy loads use what’s called a
does your vehicle need to get the load up to a safepindle hitch. A pindle hitch is basically a donut or ring
speed, but it also needs to be able to control thatwhich is made of thick steel that can handle the
weight. When towing a load, brakes are just as if notextreme torsional stress. Larger trucks also have 5th
more important than engine horsepower and torquewheel mounting points in the bed of the truck, to
because if you can’t safely stop the vehicle,which a 5th wheel hitch can be mounted. 5th wheels
then you shouldn’t be towing a load that heavy.are used for hauling very heavy loads because it
So you need to evaluate the current condition of theuses a much stronger hitch connection and because it
brake system on your car or truck. Have the brakescenters the weight on the vehicle between the axles.
been maintained properly? When was the last timeThis keeps the truck from tipping over backwards
you had the brake fluid changed? The last thing youonce it’s loaded. Similar to a 5th wheel is the
want when towing is a brake system failure. You alsogooseneck hitch. A gooseneck hitch also attaches to
need to think about where you are going to bethe bed of the truck and thus centers the trailers
driving. Are you going to be towing up or down hills?weight, but a gooseneck hitch uses a traditional
How windy do you expect it to be? Will theball-style hitch rather than the 5th wheel-style of
pavement be dry or wet? How much traffic do youhitch connection. If you are towing a really heavy
have to navigate through to safely reach yourload, you might want to purchase a weight
destination? For the safety of you, what you’redistribution system or stabilizer bars to help reduce or
towing, and everybody else on the road, all theseeliminate trailer sway.
questions should be thought about and answeredI hope this article helps clarify the different types of
before you ever hitch something up to your vehicle.trailer hitches and makes you think about some
For cars, towing setups are fairly simple because youimportant aspects of towing loads. Remember,
can’t tow that much weight. You’ll need asafety is the name of the game.